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Carbon
[CAS 7440-44-0]

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Identification
ClassificationChemical reagent >> Organic reagent >> Alkane
NameCarbon
SynonymsActivated carbon; Activated charcoal
Molecular StructureCarbon molecular structure (CAS 7440-44-0)
Molecular FormulaC
Molecular Weight12.01
CAS Registry Number7440-44-0
EC Number231-153-3
SMILES[C]
Properties
Density1.7 g/mL (Expl.)
Melting point3652 °C (Expl.)
Boiling point5000 °C (Expl.)
Safety Data
Hazard Symbolssymbol   GHS07 Warning  Details
Risk StatementsH319-H335  Details
Safety StatementsP261-P264+P265-P271-P280-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P319-P337+P317-P403+P233-P405-P501  Details
Hazard Classification
up    Details
HazardClassCategory CodeHazard Statement
Eye irritationEye Irrit.2H319
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposureSTOT SE3H335
Self-heating substances or mixturesSelf-heat.2H252
Self-heating substances or mixturesSelf-heat.1H251
Skin irritationSkin Irrit.2H315
Flammable solidsFlam. Sol.1H228
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposureSTOT RE2H373
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.2H300
Chronic hazardous to the aquatic environmentAquatic Chronic3H412
Flammable liquidsFlam. Liq.3H226
Acute toxicityAcute Tox.4H302
Flammable solidsFlam. Sol.2H228
Transport InformationUN 1361; UN 1362
SDSAvailable
up chemBlink Chemical Story
Carbon has CAS 7440-44-0, while the chemBlink name activated carbon refers to highly porous carbonaceous materials engineered for adsorption. Activated carbon is made from carbon-rich feedstocks such as coal, wood, coconut shell, or other biomass by carbonization followed by physical or chemical activation. Activation creates an enormous internal pore network, so performance depends on surface area, pore-size distribution, surface chemistry, and particle form rather than one molecular structure. Activated carbon is important in drinking-water and wastewater treatment, air and gas purification, solvent recovery, food and chemical processing, and medical management of selected poisonings. Different activated carbons are not interchangeable because pore architecture and surface chemistry determine which molecules are adsorbed most effectively.

Exact registry identity matters because free forms, salts, stereoisomers, hydrates, intermediates, and final products may have different CAS numbers even when names are closely related. Those distinctions can change molecular weight, solubility, crystallinity, analytical standards, and interpretation of published data. A reliable database therefore follows the exact substance rather than automatically transferring properties from a related form.

Functional groups provide a map of intended reactivity. Alcohols, amines, halides, esters, alkenes, and heteroaromatic rings offer different opportunities for bond formation, while the surrounding framework controls shape, electronics, and solubility. In multistep synthesis, a useful intermediate often succeeds because one position can be changed selectively while another remains available for a later operation.

Modern chemical development depends on characterization as well as synthesis. Identity, purity, stereochemistry, salt or water content, and process-related impurities may all require control. Well-characterized intermediates and reference materials remain important even when they never become final commercial products because reproducible chemistry depends on knowing exactly which substance is present.

A responsible Chemical Story distinguishes documented application from structural possibility. A familiar scaffold can suggest hypotheses, but resemblance alone does not establish a biological target, approved indication, or industrial adoption. When exact-CAS literature is limited, verified chemistry and clearly documented applications are more useful than speculation.

Practical behavior emerges from the complete molecular and material system. Structure, physical form, reaction conditions, manufacturing route, and surrounding environment can all affect performance. Connecting these details to a documented synthetic, industrial, analytical, or biological role is what turns a registry entry into a meaningful chemical story.

Exact registry identity matters because free forms, salts, stereoisomers, hydrates, intermediates, and final products may have different CAS numbers even when names are closely related. Those distinctions can change molecular weight, solubility, crystallinity, analytical standards, and interpretation of published data. A reliable database therefore follows the exact substance rather than automatically transferring properties from a related form.

Functional groups provide a map of intended reactivity. Alcohols, amines, halides, esters, alkenes, and heteroaromatic rings offer different opportunities for bond formation, while the surrounding framework controls shape, electronics, and solubility. In multistep synthesis, a useful intermediate often succeeds because one position can be changed selectively while another remains available for a later operation.

Modern chemical development depends on characterization as well as synthesis. Identity, purity, stereochemistry, salt or water content, and process-related impurities may all require control. Well-characterized intermediates and reference materials remain important even when they never become final commercial products because reproducible chemistry depends on knowing exactly which substance is present.

A responsible Chemical Story distinguishes documented application from structural possibility. A familiar scaffold can suggest hypotheses, but resemblance alone does not establish a biological target, approved indication, or industrial adoption. When exact-CAS literature is limited, verified chemistry and clearly documented applications are more useful than speculation.

References:
1. PubChem. Carbon, CAS 7440-44-0.
2. U.S. EPA. Granular Activated Carbon treatment information.
3. Clinical toxicology references on activated charcoal.

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